Comparison of SARMs with other substances
Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are a group of compounds that have gained popularity among athletes and body-conscious individuals in recent years. Compared to traditional anabolic steroids and prohormones, SARMs offer a range of benefits that make them an attractive alternative for those seeking effective and safe means to build muscle mass and reduce body fat.
Table of Contents:
- SARMs vs Anabolic Steroids
- SARMs vs Prohormones – What to Choose
- SARMs vs Natural Dietary Supplements
- Summary
SARMs vs anabolic steroids
SARMs, unlike traditional anabolic steroids, exhibit selective action on androgen receptors located in muscle and bone tissues while minimizing their impact on other tissues such as the prostate or skin [1]. As a result, SARMs offer a beneficial anabolic profile with a limited risk of side effects typically associated with anabolic steroids, such as gynecomastia, acne, or androgenic alopecia [2].
Additionally, SARMs do not convert to estrogens, eliminating the risk of water retention and excessive fat deposition often associated with the use of traditional steroids [3]. The lack of aromatization to estrogens also means that the risk of gynecomastia during a SARMs cycle is negligible [4].
Another advantage of SARMs over anabolic steroids is their oral bioavailability. Most SARMs are active when taken orally, eliminating the need for injections as is often the case with many anabolic steroids [5]. The oral form increases convenience and minimizes the risk of local reactions at injection sites.
However, it is important to note that despite the many advantages of SARMs, their long-term safety has not yet been fully confirmed in clinical studies. Nevertheless, available data suggest that SARMs may offer a more favorable safety profile compared to traditional anabolic steroids [6].
SARMs vs prohormones – what to choose?
Prohormones are hormone precursors that, once absorbed, are converted into active hormonal forms such as testosterone or nandrolone. Although prohormones may offer some anabolic benefits, their use is associated with a range of potential side effects, including suppression of endogenous testosterone production, sexual dysfunction, or hepatotoxicity [7].
Compared to prohormones, SARMs exhibit more selective action on androgen receptors, resulting in a better safety profile. SARMs do not convert to aggressive metabolites such as DHT, minimizing the risk of adverse effects associated with excessive androgenization, such as acne, hair loss, or prostate enlargement [8].
Furthermore, unlike prohormones, SARMs do not significantly impact the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, making the risk of endogenous testosterone suppression much lower [9]. This means that after a SARMs cycle, natural testosterone production returns to normal more quickly and easily than with prohormones or traditional anabolic steroids.
Considering these facts, SARMs seem to be a more reasonable choice for those seeking a safer alternative to prohormones. Nevertheless, before deciding to use any performance-enhancing substances, it is always advisable to consult with a qualified specialist.
SARMs vs natural dietary supplements
Natural dietary supplements, such as creatine, beta-alanine, or HMB, are commonly used by athletes and physically active individuals to improve performance, increase strength, and support muscle mass building. While these supplements may offer some benefits, their effects are significantly less pronounced compared to SARMs.
Thanks to their selective action on androgen receptors, SARMs directly stimulate protein synthesis and muscle mass gain [10]. Unlike natural dietary supplements, SARMs affect anabolic pathways at the molecular level, resulting in a much stronger effect compared to creatine or HMB [11].
Additionally, SARMs may exhibit additional benefits, such as improving bone mineral density or reducing LDL cholesterol levels, which are not observed with the use of natural dietary supplements [12]. These additional properties of SARMs can be particularly beneficial for older individuals who experience progressive loss of muscle and bone mass with age.
However, it should be emphasized that natural dietary supplements have a long history of use and a well-documented safety profile. Unlike SARMs, whose long-term effects have not yet been fully understood, supplements such as creatine or HMB are considered safe when used in recommended doses [13].
In conclusion, while natural dietary supplements may offer some benefits for physically active individuals, their effects are significantly less pronounced compared to SARMs. Due to their selective and potent anabolic action, SARMs can be an attractive option for those seeking effective support in muscle mass building and body composition improvement. Nevertheless, before deciding to use SARMs, it is always worth considering the potential risks and consulting with a specialist.
Summary
Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are a promising group of compounds that offer several advantages compared to traditional anabolic steroids, prohormones, or natural dietary supplements. Due to their selective action on androgen receptors, SARMs allow for beneficial anabolic effects while minimizing the risk of adverse side effects.
Compared to anabolic steroids, SARMs have a better safety profile, oral bioavailability, and no aromatization to estrogens. Compared to prohormones, SARMs show lower risk of endogenous testosterone suppression and hepatotoxicity. In relation to natural dietary supplements, SARMs offer significantly stronger anabolic effects and additional benefits such as improved bone mineral density.
Despite the many promising properties of SARMs, it is important to remember that their long-term safety has not yet been fully confirmed. Before deciding to use SARMs, it is always worth considering the potential risks and consulting with a specialist. Nonetheless, for those seeking effective and safer support in muscle mass building and body composition improvement, SARMs can be an attractive alternative to traditional anabolic agents.
Sources:
[1] Narayanan R, Mohler ML, Bohl CE, Miller DD, Dalton JT. Selective androgen receptor modulators in preclinical and clinical development. Nucl Recept Signal. 2008;6:e010. doi:10.1621/nrs.06010
[2] Solomon ZJ, Mirabal JR, Mazur DJ, Kohn TP, Lipshultz LI, Pastuszak AW. Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators: Current Knowledge and Clinical Applications. Sex Med Rev. 2019;7(1):84-94. doi:10.1016/j.sxmr.2018.09.006
[3] Christiansen AR, Lipshultz LI, Hotaling JM, Pastuszak AW. Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) in the treatment of muscle wasting associated with cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2020;29(8):881-891. doi:10.1080/13543784.2020.1777275
[4] Higgins J, Liebert A, Poolsup N, et al. Efficacy and safety of selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ther Adv Urol. 2022;14:17562872221129571. doi:10.1177/17562872221129571
[5] Bajaj N, Poonia M, Singh Brar P, Kumar P. Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators as a Method of Hormone Therapy in Advanced Prostate Cancer. Cureus. 2022;14(5):e24911. doi:10.7759/cureus.24911
[6] Machek SB, Cardaci TD, Wilburn DT, Willoughby DS. Considerations, Possible Contraindications, and Potential Mechanisms for Deleterious Effect in Recreational and Athletic Use of Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) in Lieu of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids: A Narrative Review. Steroids. 2022;178:108952. doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108952
[7] Rahnema CD, Crosnoe LE, Kim ED. Designer steroids - over-the-counter supplements and their androgenic component: review of an increasing problem. Andrology. 2015;3(2):150-155. doi:10.1111/andr.307
[8] Geyer H, Schänzer W, Thevis M. Anabolic agents: recent strategies for their detection and protection from inadvertent doping. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(10):820-826. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2014-093526
[9] Ponnusamy S, Sullivan RD, Thiyagarajan T, et al. Tissue Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) Increase Pelvic Floor Muscle Mass in Ovariectomized Mice. J Cell Biochem. 2017;118(3):640-646. doi:10.1002/jcb.25751
[10] Jayaraman A, Christensen A, Moser VA, et al. Selective androgen receptor modulator RAD140 is neuroprotective in cultured neurons and kainate-lesioned male rats. Endocrinology. 2014;155(4):1398-1406. doi:10.1210/en.2013-1725
[11] Dubois V, Laurent MR, Sinnesael M, et al. A satellite cell-specific knockout of the androgen receptor reveals myostatin as a direct androgen target in skeletal muscle. FASEB J. 2014;28(7):2979-2994. doi:10.1096/fj.14-249748
[12] Dalton JT, Barnette KG, Bohl CE, et al. The selective androgen receptor modulator GTx-024 (enobosarm) improves lean body mass and physical function in healthy elderly men and postmenopausal women: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II trial. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2011;2(3):153-161. doi:10.1007/s13539-011-0034-6
[13] Kreider RB, Kalman DS, Antonio J, et al. International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: safety and efficacy of creatine supplementation in exercise, sport, and medicine. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2017;14:18. doi:10.1186/s12970-017-0173-z
